ROSARIO DE LOS ANGELES ROJAS POLO, FABRIZZIO RAPHAEL QUEZADA BARRAZA, SARA RITA NAUPARI MONTENEGRO ISELLI JOSYLIN NOHELY MURGA GONZALEZ, KELLY MILENA POLO HERRERA
DOI: https://doi.org/The absorption of the xenobiotic (oil/crude oil) occurs through ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption, and the toxicological effects become acute and even chronic, thus generating problems in the organisms of living beings exposed for a certain time and concentration to a spill. which cannot be controlled due to inefficiency in its contingency, therefore the objective of this article is to determine the effects and develop an action plan for the impacts generated by oil spills from ships on marine ecosystems and surrounding populations. By searching for articles in reliable databases through keywords and using the PRISMA method, results were obtained regarding mitigation measures in the countries of Spain, Honduras, Panama, Mexico and Peru, which show response methods. that involve a series of procedures and coordination between different levels of authorities to effectively manage spills and minimize their environmental and socioeconomic effects. Comparing these national plans, the conclusion is reached that a series of steps must be included in every contingency plan so that it is developed more efficiently, these range from preparation and prevention to immediate response and post-incident evaluation, considering into account ISO 14001: 2015.
