SANGEETHA ARUN,PONNUDURAI ARANGANNAL MDS,JEEVARATHAN MDS,JANANI VINODHINI,MADHUMITHA ,RAMYA CHELLAMAL,ISHWARYA DHEVI G R,KIRTHI SHIVANI S.A
DOI: https://doi.org/Hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPM) represent a prevalent yet often overlooked developmental enamel defect in children. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted nature of HSPM, emphasizing its significance as a potential harbinger of future enamel defects, particularly molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH). Drawing upon current research, we delve into the prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, and management of HSPM, highlighting the need for a paradigm shift towards early identification and proactive intervention. The prevalence of HSPM is estimated to be between 5% and 20%, with the true burden likely underestimated due to diagnostic challenges posed by co-existing caries. The etiology is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay of genetic predisposition and environmental insults during critical periods of enamel formation. Early diagnosis, based on a thorough medical history and comprehensive clinical examination, is crucial for implementing effective preventive measures and minimizing future complications. Management should prioritize prevention, utilizing a combination of dietary counseling, oral hygiene instruction, professional fluoride application, and fissure sealants. When operative intervention is necessary, minimally invasive techniques should be the first line of treatment, reserving more aggressive approaches for cases where absolutely necessary. By recognizing HSPM as a sentinel signal of potential future enamel defects and adopting a proactive and comprehensive approach to its management, we can significantly improve the oral health outcomes of our patients, paving the way for a future filled with healthy smiles and a lifetime free from the burden of enamel defects.
